Ocular plastic surgery

Ocular plastic surgery is corrective, cosmetic and reconstructive surgery of the eye. It mainly involves problems related to the tissues or structures that surround the eye rather than the eyeball itself.
Corrective procedures include the correction of upper eyelid ptosis, entropion, ectropion and canthoplasty (lower eyelid bags).
Procedures of a cosmetic nature include blepharoplasty, which is normally performed by ophthalmologic surgeons that specialise in ocular plastic surgery.

Corrective surgical procedures

Ptosis surgery

• Dropping of the upper eyelid.
• The edge of the eyelid is too low and partially blocks vision.
• Causes are congenital, due to injury, due to neuromuscular disease or due to the effects of gravity when ageing.
• During the corrective surgery, the muscle that lifts the eyelid is shortened so that the upper eyelid is raised.

Entropion surgery

• It is defined as the inward turning of the upper or lower eyelid.
• When this happens, the eyelashes and skin rub against the cornea causing irritation, redness and pain.
• If it is not treated, it can lead to infections, abrasion of the cornea or eye ulcers.
• Correction involves rotating the edge of the eyelid to its normal position and strengthening the muscles.

Ectropion surgery

• It is defined as the outward turning of the lower eyelid, which causes excess tearing, mucous discharge, eye irritation and chronic conjunctivitis.
• It is caused by the displacement of the tear duct, which is located in the lower corner of the eye.

Aesthetic surgical procedure

Blepharoplasty

• Also known as eyelid lift surgery. Over time, bags form on eyelids and eyelids sag because the skin becomes more compact and fat deposits become more prominent.
• The procedure eliminates excess skin and fat from the upper eyelids and excess fat from the lower eyelids.
• It is usually caused by ageing, but it can also be due to hereditary factors.
• It can be combined with an eyebrow and check lift.